What is Added to Francis Bacon's Illusions!
Yahya Mohamed
The empirical philosopher Francis Bacon previously put forward in his book (Novum Organum) a fourfold classification of human illusions or idols. They are the tribe (human race), the cave, the marketplace (language), and the theater.
The idol of the tribe means that it is the illusion that all human beings share, wherein personal tendencies are imposed on things before attempts are made to experiment and test. The idol of the cave is the illusions of the individual resulting from his adherence to the environment, culture, customs, and special circumstances. And with the idol of the market, it is the linguistic illusions that cause confusion and fallacies and put people in endless arguments. And the idol of theater is the illusions resulting from theories and superstitious beliefs.
These are Bacon's four idols, and can be considered among the delusions of belief, while we have added a new type to them that we call Perceptual illusions. Rather, we considered that the origin of illusions goes back to the sensory apparatus of the complex image in our minds, and then we reformulated the illusion panel as follows:
A- Perceptual illusions, which are of two types:
1- Fixed or primary illusions through which we get to know the sensory things directly, and they express the mixture between the mental nature of the human being and the things that are perceived. This is common to all human beings.
2- Creative temporary illusions, which are not rooted as is the case with the first aforementioned, are characterized by being immersed in creative illusion and self-influence, unlike the previous ones, and they occur for many circumstantial reasons. It first appears in young children when they imagine the existence of things that are not a true reflection of reality. Thus, it is characterized as one of the cave's delusions of belief sources.
B - Illusions of belief, which are the same ones that Bacon put forward.
Translated by Zaid Kanady
The reference
https://www.fahmaldin.net/index.php?id=2566